Influence of permeable pile breakwater on surface waves
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2026.2.18-30Keywords:
surface wave, permeable breakwater, square cross-section piles, wave height sensors, reflected and transmission waves, wave energy dissipationAbstract
Laboratory experimental researches were conducted to study the influence of the pile shape of permeable vertical breakwater on the formation and transformation of surface waves. The experiments conducted in a wave channel, where waves of different heights, periods and wavelengths were generated, with permeable breakwaters of a fuel structure with piles of circular, square and triangular cross-section. The use of a group of sensors made it possible to determine the features of wave transformation during their interaction with single-row permeable vertical walls. Regardless of the direction of the frontal surface of the square cross-section piles of permeable breakwaters, the height of the reflected and transmission surface waves increased and the increase coefficient increased with increasing steepness of the incoming wave. The height of the reflected wave significantly exceeded the height of the transmission wave. With increasing permeability of the vertical single-row pile breakwater, the steepness of the reflected wave decreased, and the steepness of the transmission wave, on the contrary, increased. The highest ratios between reflected wave heights and transmitted wave heights as a function of normalized wave number were recorded for breakwaters with a permeability of 20%, which consisted of square-section piles, where the side of the square was directed towards the incoming wave. The lowest ratios between reflected wave heights and transmitted wave heights as a function of wave number were observed for breakwaters with a permeability of 50%, which consisted of square-section piles, where the edge of the pile was directed towards the wave.
References
Alturfi, U. A. & Shukur, A. H. K. (2024). Investigation of energy dissipation for different breakwater based on computational fluid dynamic model. CFD Lett., 16(1), 22–42. https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.16.1.2242
Hoagland, S. W., Jeffries C.R., Irish J.L., et al. (2023). Advances in morphodynamic modeling of coastal barriers: A review. J. Waterway Port Coast. Ocean Eng., 149(5), 03123001. https://doi.org/10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-1825
Voskoboinick, V., Khomitsky, V., Voskoboinyk, O., Tereshchenko, L., & Voskoboinick, A. (2021). Wave loads on protective dam of the Marine channel of the Danube-Black sea. Hydro-environment Research, 35(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2021.01.003
Voskoboinick, V., Onyshchenko, А., Voskoboinyk, O., Makarenkova, A., & Voskobiinyk, A. (2022). Junction flow about cylindrical group on rigid flat surface. Heliyon, e12595-1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12595
Li, Z., Wang, Z., Liang, B., & Wang, X. (2024). Experimental study on hydrodynamic performance and structural forces of curved and vertical front face pile-supported permeable breakwaters. Phys. Fluids, 36(11), 117134. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0237833
Huang, J., Lowe, R.J., Ghisalberti, M., & Hansen, J.E. (2024). Wave transformation across impermeable and porous artificial reefs. Coast. Eng., 189, 104488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104488
Voskoboinick, A., Voskoboinick, V., Turick, V., Voskoboinyk, O., Cherny, D., & Tereshchenko, L. (2021). Interaction of group of bridge piers on scour. In Z. Hu, S. Petoukhov, I. Dychka, M. He (Eds.), Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education III. ICCSEEA 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Vol. 1247. Springer, 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55506-1_1
Neelamani, S. & Al-Anjari, N. (2021). Experimental investigations on wave induced dynamic pressures over slotted vertical barriers in random wave fields. Ocean Eng., 220, 108482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108482
Li, Z., Liang, B., Wang, Z., Pan, X., & Shi, L. (2025). An experimental study on the hydrodynamic performance of pile-supported caisson-type breakwaters with inclined porous plates under regular waves. Phys. Fluids, 37(4), 047115 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0260788
Hu, Y. (2025). Wave dissipation performance of breakwater. E3S Web of Conferences, 606, 05005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202560605005
George, A. & Cho, I. H. (2020). Hydrodynamic performance of a vertical slotted breakwater. Intern. J. Naval Architect. and Ocean Eng., 12, 468-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2019.12.001
Somervell, L., Thampi, S., & Shashikala A. P. (2018) Estimation of friction coefficient for double walled permeable vertical breakwater. Ocean Eng., 156, 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.02.050
Francis, V., Rudman, M., Ramakrishnan, B., Loh, S., & Valizadeh, A. (2023) Solitary wave interaction with upright thin porous barriers. Ocean Eng., 268, 113394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.113394
Hussein, K. B., Ibrahim, M., Awaad, A. S., & Abd El Ghany, S. H. (2024). Hydrodynamic performance of half pipe breakwaters experimentally and numerically. Transact. Maritime Sci., 13(2), TOMS. https;//doi.org/10.7225/toms.v13.n02.002
Voskoboinick, V. A., Turick, V. N., Voskoboinyk, O. A., Voskoboinick, A. V., & Tereshchenko I. A. (2019). Influence of the deep spherical dimple on the pressure field under the turbulent boundary layer. In: Hu, Z., Petoukhov, S., Dychka, I., & He M. (eds) Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education. ICCSEEA 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 754. Springer, Cham., 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91008-6_3
Voskoboinick, V., Kornev, N., & Turnow, J. (2013). Study of near wall coherent flow structures on dimpled surfaces using unsteady pressure measurements. Flow Turbulence Combust., 90(4), 709-722. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-012-9433-9
Voskoboinick, V. A., Voskoboinick, A. A., Turick, V. N., & Voskoboinick, A. V. (2020). Space and time characteristics of the velocity and pressure fields of the fluid flow inside a hemispherical dimple generator of vortices. J. Eng. Physics and Thermophysics, 93(5), 1205-1220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10891-020-02223-3
Voskoboinick, V. A., Gorban, I. M., Voskoboinick, A. A., Tereshchenko, L. N., & Voskoboinick, A. V. (2021). Junction flow around cylinder group on flat plate. In V. A. Sadovnichiy, M. Z. Zgurovsky (Eds.), Contemporary Approaches and Methods in Fundamental Mathematics and Mechanics. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50302-4_3
Onyshchenko, A., Kovalchuk, V., Voskoboinick, V., Voskobiinyk, A., Aksonov, S., Trudenko, D., & Hrevtsov S. (2024). Establishing patterns of change in the coefficients of reflection, transmission and dissipation of wave energy depending on parameters of a permeable vertical wall. Eastern-European J. Enterprise Technologies., 4/5(130), 46-56. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061-2024.309969
Vinogradnyi, G. P., Voskoboinick, V. A., Grinchenko, V. T., & Makarenkov, A. P. (1989). Spectral and correlation characteristics of the turbulent boundary layer on an extended flexible cylinder. J. Fluid Dyn., 24(5), 695-700. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01051721
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 В.А. Воскобійник, O.Г. Лебідь, О.А. Воскобойник, Ю.П. Меренгер, С.І. Воскобойнік
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The journal «Environmental safety and natural resources» works under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
The licensing policy is compatible with the overwhelming majority of open access and archiving policies.
