Applying modern construction 4.0 technology to damaged buildings

Abstract

The work purpose was to conduct a comparative analysis investigating the damage caused to a high-rise building (HRB) under dynamic impacts of two types: periodic industrial explosions at the iron ore quarry of «UGOK» mining and processing plant in Kryvyi Rih and a rocket strike on HRB in Kyiv on February 26, 2022. fib bulletin 59 was used as the basis. The study demonstrates how the life cycle curve of HRB transforms under periodic dynamic impacts and a one-time combat action influence compared to the standard fib bulletin 59 curve. The applied methods included visual and instrumental inspection of buildings using non-destructive testing methods, geodetic and vibration instruments with IoT for refining initial-boundary conditions during the creation of the HRB Construction 4.0 (Digital Twins). Therefore, its experimental verification was conducted. The calculation package LIRA-CAD was used for calculations. It can be noticed while comparing vibration displacement projections at identical points of buildings 6-A and 6-B. Under current conditions, the operational lifespan of 6-A decreases by approximately ΔT ≈ 30 years. To restore the building to a safe technical state, allow residents to return, and extend its operational lifespan beyond the current estimate (≈ 70 years), comprehensive restoration work is required. A methodology for using a Construction 4.0 (Digital Twins) as an element of the straightening control system has been developed. It allows for the adjustment of tilt-eliminating works based on the current monitoring and calculation of the digital spatial model of the multi-story building and the stress-strain state of the "reshaped soil base – tilted strip foundation" system. The successful implementation of the methodology is also demonstrated. A multi-story building in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, was straightened without relocating the residents or shutting down essential utilities (elevators, water supply, etc.). Three stages of Digital Twin (Construction 4.0) formation for the specified objects are considered: formation of a Digital Model; formation of Digital Twins, when methods and means of non-destructive testing are involved, and the last stage – Digital Twin, when the results and recommendations of the results of the first two stages are taken into account when reconstructing or restoring the original physical object for the Digital Twin.