Criteria of thermochemical conditions of steam gas explosions in dynamic accident modes at nuclear power units with WWER reactors

Authors

  • Volodymyr M. Vashchenko Dr. of Sci., Professor of the Department of Ecology, National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • Volodymyr I. Skalozubov Dr. of Sci., Professor of the Department of Nuclear Power Plants, Scientific Director of the Interdepartmental Center for Fundamental Scientific Research in the Field of Energy and Ecology of the NASU, Odesa Polytechnic State University and Ministry of Ecology of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-223X
  • Iryna B. Korduba Сand. of Tech. Sci., associate professor of the Department of Ecology, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-8465
  • Serhiy I. Kosenko Cand. of Tech. Sci., associate professor of the Department of Theoretical and Experimental Nuclear Physics, researcher of the Center, Odesa Polytechnic State University, Odesa, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-5644
  • Olena H. Zhukova Cand. of Tech. Sci., associate professor of the Department of Ecology, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-9996

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.128-134

Keywords:

steam-gas explosion, nuclear power unit

Abstract

The main lessons of the major accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP in 2011 for the nuclear power industry identify the need to model, analyze and develop emergency measures for relatively unlikely events with catastrophic environmental consequences, taking into account multiple failures of safety systems. Steam-gas explosions became one of the main causes of the catastrophic environmental consequences of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents. Criteria and conditions for the occurrence of steam-gas explosions in dynamic emergency modes in the "tight" reactor circuit of nuclear power reactor units (NPP) with water-water reactors (WWER) with failures of safety systems valves and emergency steam gas removal are determined by the rate of change of thermodynamic and physico-chemical parameters. A method for determining the criteria and conditions for the occurrence of steam-gas explosions in dynamic accident modes with a "tight" reactor circuit and failure of safety valves for modeling the initial emergency events – seismic effects, falling of massive objects, etc. is presented. The conditions for the occurrence of hydrogen explosions are determined by the maximum rate of increase in the temperature of fuel oil shells, and the conditions for steam explosions are determined by the maximum rate of pressure increase as a result of the intensification of vaporization processes. The criteria for the occurrence of steam explosions in dynamic emergency modes are determined by the maximum pressure amplitude and the propagation speed of acoustic disturbances in the steam volume. And the criteria for hydrogen detonation in dynamic emergency modes are determined by the maximum amplitude of the increase in the temperature of the fuel shells and the average flow rate of the coolant in the active zone of the reactor.

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Published

2022-12-29

How to Cite

Vashchenko, V. M., Skalozubov, V. I., Korduba, I. B., Kosenko, S. I., & Zhukova, O. H. (2022). Criteria of thermochemical conditions of steam gas explosions in dynamic accident modes at nuclear power units with WWER reactors. Environmental Safety and Natural Resources, 44(4), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.4.128-134

Issue

Vol. 44 No. 4 (2022): Environmental safety and natural resources

Section

Information systems and mathematical modeling

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Copyright (c) 2022 V.M. Vashchenko, V.I. Skalozubov, I.B. Korduba, S.I. Kosenko, O.H. Zhukova

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