Restoration of cross-border Ukrainian-Polish man-made territories of Roztochia by phytomeliorative methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.4.100-109Keywords:
Roztochia, environmental monitoring, photosynthesis, fluorescence, recultivation, mycorrhizaAbstract
Extraction leads to the formation of specific anthropogenic landscapes, which are mining. They are inferior in the area to agriculture and forestry. As a result, the lithogenic basis of landscapes is broken, and there is a fast alteration of a surface therefore the man-made neo relief is formed.
The purpose of the work is theoretical substantiation of phytocoenotic bases of afforestation of dump landscapes and practical realization of biological-coenotic grounds of technology of creation of forest cultures on the reclaimed lands which correspond to concepts of nature conservation paradigms and are based on data of morphophysiological monitoring and application of mycorrhizal technologies.
The object of comparative studies are selected syngenetic phytomeliorants: common reed (Phragmites australis); buttercup caustic (Ranunculus acris); horsetail (Equisetum arvense); Reed warbler (Phalaroides arundinacea); goat willow (Salix coprea). The experimental material was taken from the territory of underground smelting of sulfur, areas adjacent to Yavoriv quarry, control samples – from the adjacent intact area. Quantitative determination of pigments was performed by the standard spectrophotometric method, as well as by the method of derivative spectroscopy. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was studied by photoinduced chlorophyll fluorescence.
Studies have shown statistically significant changes in the quantitative composition of plastid pigments in plant leaves in all studied areas compared to their appropriate background values.
The technology of forest reclamation of anthropogenic geocomplexes has been developed and tested by creating silvicultural areas based on mycorrhized planting material. The system of landscape-ecological reclamation measures, together with complex ecological monitoring, serves as a basis for sustainable development of cross-border Ukrainian-Polish man-made territories of Roztochia.
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