Energy-saving processing of galvanic sludge by the feritization method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.2.30-42Keywords:
galvanic sludge, heavy metal ions, ferritization, electromagnetic pulseAbstract
Increasing the level of ecological safety for industrial facilities through the implementation of resource-saving technology for the processing of toxic waste – galvanic sludge by ferritization method is considered. Advantages of using electromagnetic pulse activation method of ferritization process in comparison with traditional thermal one are experimentally confirmed. It is recommended to use electromagnetic pulse discharges with magnetic induction amplitude of 0.298 T and pulse rate of 0.5 to 10 Hz to activate the ferritization process. This method of activation ensures a high degree of recovery of heavy metal ions – up to 99.97% and the reuse of purified water in industrial facilities. The regularities of removal of heavy metals by ferritization in the range of aeration rate values 0.225 ÷ 0.075 m3/h in the reacton mixture under different activation methods are established. Investigated the physical properties and structure of sediments, obtained by ferritization method. Environment friendly ferrite precipitates are characterized by a high degree of centrifuge seal (more than 90%) and a crystalline structure with the maximum content of ferrite phases with magnetic properties. The method of electromagnetic impulse activation also has undeniable energy advantages in comparison with traditional high-temperature one: electricity costs are reduced more than 60%. In addition, reducing the aeration rate to 0.075 m3/h makes it possible to additional cost reduction for the proposed technology. The immobilization of heavy metals in environmentally safe ferrite sludge enables further disposal of waste in commodity products. The proposed process of galvanic waste processing by improvement of ferritization method prevents environmental pollution, ensures efficient and rational use of water, raw materials and energy in the galvanic industry.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Bogdan Yemchura, Gennadii Kochetov, Aleksey Vasiliev, Dmitry Samchenko
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